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station this is houston are you ready

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we are ready for the event

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facebook this is mission control houston

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all right station this is mark

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zuckerberg at facebook can you hear me

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hey mark ready loud and clear it's a

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it's great to talk to you guys too i

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have to say when you're building

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products to try to connect everyone in

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the world um connecting folks who are

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out in space

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is about as extreme and cool as it gets

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so it's it's awesome to have the

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opportunity to talk to you guys today

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so it's our pleasure i think we should

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start by can you

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can you um introduce yourselves and your

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roles and how long you've been working

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yeah sure my name is tim copper i'm the

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commander of the international space

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station for expedition 47. tim peake and

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i arrived on the 15th of december and

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we've been working up here for about 169

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days what a great place to uh to work

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and live

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and uh tim peake is is uh one of our

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flight engineers jeff williams is a

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flight engineer as well just arrived a

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couple months ago and uh this is his

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fourth flight in space third time on the

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space station so a great person to have

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on board this is my second flight tim's

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first flight here and we have three

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cosmonauts on board two that are at the

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other end of station

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that make our compliment of a six-person

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nice

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so

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let's start with a couple of questions

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here about the science that you're doing

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on board the space station so what kind

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of research are you doing in space that

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that's a great question mark you know

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one of the main things that we do is try

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to understand

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the impacts of zero gravity on the human

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body a lot of negative impacts and so in

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large measure we're an experiment so we

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exercise a couple hours every day which

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is a mitigation for the loss of bone

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density and muscle mass we have our eyes

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scanned because there's issues with your

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eyes as a consequence of zero gravity

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and several other things that we do on

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board to try to make sure that when we

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go beyond low earth orbit we fully

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understand the implications of zero

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gravity on the human body but well

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beyond that we do lots of basic research

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up here as well because when you remove

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the zero the gravity component to a lot

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of physical phenomena you learn a lot of

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things so we have physical science

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experiments that range from combustion

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to uh to fluid flow to microbiology and

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so we're learning a ton and we expect

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that to pay dividends long term in terms

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all right so i'm curious to hear about

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what kind of technology you guys are

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working on that's going to help us

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travel to mars

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beyond of course all the communication

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technology that we're working on to be

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able to connect with you guys

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well i think in general the iss program

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is a big achievement in terms of the

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path to future exploration i mean just

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building and running and maintaining

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logistically

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learning how to operate it day to day

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and for the long term for years to come

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all that's going to support future

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exploration no matter where we go of

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course

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an example that's been in the news here

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recently especially in the last couple

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of weeks is the the beam module uh the

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inflatable module which we're we've got

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inflated now and we're going to outfit

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it instrument it

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it's a new technology which will of

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course allow

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greater volumes to to be launched

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with fewer launches

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and of course it's going to take a lot

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of volume to send a crew

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away from earth no matter where the

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all right so let's take some questions

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from the thread and by the way it's

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awesome to see the microphone just

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flying around over there that is not

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something that i'm used to

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even in our virtual reality lab where we

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can make stuff like that we just haven't

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yet um so let's go to the thread so we

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got a question from hakeem which is

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obviously astronauts trained extensively

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for this kind of a mission but is there

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anything in particular that you weren't

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expecting or that surprised you

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yeah that's a good question and for

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myself as a you know a rookie astronaut

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on my first flight there were so many

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new experiences you know the training is

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phenomenal and we have a wonderful

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training team all around the world in

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all of our international partner sites

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um but it's the real experience of you

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know launching in a sawyer's rocket and

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seeing that first orbit of planet earth

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going through sunset seeing a moon rise

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seeing a sunrise um it's just you can't

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put into words how beautiful the planet

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is from up here and also having the the

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privilege of seeing it change over the

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nearly six months that we've been up

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here now already and seeing the northern

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hemisphere going from winter to summer

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seeing thunderstorms at nighttime

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the aurora i mean it's just absolutely

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incredible so i think it's all of those

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kind of elements that the training

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you know i have to say i think it's

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amazing how precise everything that you

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guys do has to be so just getting ready

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for this live today which by the way is

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the first live that we've ever done to

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outer space so that that is awesome um

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you know normally at facebook sometimes

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we run a few minutes early or a few

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minutes late and i know our team asked

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ground control mission control

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you know if it was cool if we started a

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little late and they responded like yeah

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sometimes we start as much as 10 seconds

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late in our events and um and i just

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thought that that was the funniest thing

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um but it's amazing how precise you guys

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uh need need to be in everything that

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you do to make things run run safely

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um

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so

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next question that we should we should

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go to we on the thread

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martha has written in

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my second grade students in florida

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which is a teacher want to know

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how do you talk to each other if you're

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all from different countries and speak

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we know

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we do speak different languages up here

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tim speaks british oh we speak american

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no but seriously we have three russian

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cosmonauts on board and uh we've had a

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whole host of different international

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astronauts up here

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japanese

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germans all kinds of european astronauts

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and as a consequence you know we have to

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be able to communicate but typically

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when we do our training

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if it's uh

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german or japanese or canadian or

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american training we speak english when

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we go to russia we speak in russian and

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so we all speak russian to varying

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degrees of skill level our russian

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cosmonaut friends

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speak english very well and so when we

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get together typically on board you know

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we'll speak either russian or english or

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maybe a ruthless a combination of both

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but uh it's very important for us to

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communicate and in fact that's probably

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the biggest

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uh aspect of our job up here is to make

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sure that everybody is on board and

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synchronized just like you said it's

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important to be on time and to have

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things done well but that's all done

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through effective communication and

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that's really done by us knowing each

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other's languages at least russian and

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english well enough that we can train in

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very impressive so in addition to being

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top scientists and in great shape and

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very precise operationally you also need

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to be linguists so so let's go to

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another question on on the thread which

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is a little more fun is do food and

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most astronauts that have been up here

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over the years will say that their

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tastes change a little bit um i think it

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has to do mostly with uh we kind of get

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a fullness in the head uh due to the

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environment we have a fluid shift of our

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body because the gravity is not pulling

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down

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so that sometimes results in a

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stuffiness or whatnot so maybe our

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tastes

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are attenuated a little bit

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so

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most of us like to have spicier food up

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the food can taste a little bland so

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we'll we'll spice it up a little bit on

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our own

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so i would say food does taste a little

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bit different we by the way have a wide

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variety of food on board

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from all different countries

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from the partner countries represented

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in all the partners so the food up here

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and is astronaut ice cream a real thing

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we know that the ashford ice cream that

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you buy in the gift store that powdery

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stuff yeah that's not real but we've had

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ice cream on board when spacex came up

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they delivered a bunch of ice cream and

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a freezer so that's been quite the treat

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i think we're down to our last few bars

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we're trying to ration it so that's the

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real ice cream and that's quite a treat

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awesome

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all right so i want to make sure that we

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get back to our our live community um

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because this is their you know the first

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chance that we've had to stream live to

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space um so rob has a question uh which

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is what advice can you give aspiring

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explorers like me

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regarding how you got to be where you

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are today on board the international

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you know that's a question we get asked

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quite a lot and if you look at the

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astronaut core not just in one country

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but all over the world we all come from

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so many different backgrounds some

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people have come from scientific from

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engineering from aviation medical

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doctors maybe teachers the one thing

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that we share in common is that we're

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very passionate about what we do

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and we've worked as hard as we can to

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get where we are so to any young people

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who are aspiring to become an astronaut

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to become explorers or just to go into

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the space industry i would say just you

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know focus on what it is that you're

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good at

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and what you enjoy because if you enjoy

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something that's what you tend to be

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best at

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work hard at it be passionate about it

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and you know you'll get where you'll get

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yeah i agree i think it's a lot of the

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same stuff for becoming an entrepreneur

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as well

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uh so you know one question that i have

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is i've heard that you guys use social

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networking and social technology quite a

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bit to communicate with people uh back

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down on earth and i'm curious to to hear

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how that goes um you know how how the

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internet connection works and uh

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basically do you have any feedback for

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me on on how we can make the service

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you know social media is uh is a really

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nice way to reach your friends and

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family from up here and uh

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you know our internet connection is

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actually a relatively new thing and so

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uh we're very happy to have that because

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you know the whole world has become so

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connected that it's it really feels uh

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feels good that we can sort of be

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connected it's not quite the same speed

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bandwidth that that folks have done on

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the ground but it's it's good enough and

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allows us to keep in touch

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with uh with friends and family but you

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know social media for us for me

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personally i can say is is great because

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it's one way that i can share the

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photographs that i take and and a few

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thoughts that i have up here because one

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thing about life up here it's so unique

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and uh it is such an opportunity and a

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blessing for us to be up here that um be

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able to share it with other people

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especially a wide audience i mean a huge

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audience frankly with social media is uh

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it's just a tremendous benefit so um you

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know for myself i just i enjoy being

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able to share pictures and you know a

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yeah well i love following the photos as

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well myself so what do you guys do for

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fun when you're when you're out in um

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in a zero gravity environment i mean

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what's the most fun thing that you've

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found to do that that uh you didn't

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well we do a lot of things that are fun

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actually we none of us get tired of

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viewing the earth from up here so we

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spent a lot of time in the window

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studying all the details of the earth

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tim

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talked about the different seasons and

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stuff that goes by and um you know the

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different lighting conditions and the

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weather patterns and uh you know all the

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uh the geography and the geology

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um in the ocean currents and and

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thunderstorms seeing lightning ripple

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across a weather system

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that's a lot of fun so we spent a lot of

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time in the window of course

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you've you've talked about the

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microphone we all

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can

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from time to time especially around a

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dinner table play with our food in

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unique ways so we all get to be kids

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again

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and those kinds of uh

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doing those kinds of things it's fun to

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play with water and weightlessness and

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you know take a bubble of water and do

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different things with it so just the

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weightless environment and the view i

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think are the two main

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should just fly around and flip around

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there you go

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that's what i was looking for all right

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so

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going back to a science question for a

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bit um

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thank you guys for doing that by the way

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i think it would not have been a

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complete first live to space without uh

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some astronauts uh flipping around in in

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zero gravity um so going back to science

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for a second and you were talking about

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how a lot of this is experimenting on

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the human body to see what

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what it can take in space what's the

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longest period that any astronaut has

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remained in space

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and what are the experiments that are

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being conducted

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geared towards future

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we know i don't have the the data on the

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records i know that

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you know scott kelly and misha kornienko

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just got back after you know very close

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to a year their cosmonauts have spent

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even more time in space

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uh cumulatively i think you know the

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records will continue to be broken you

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know cumulatively like jeff this being

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his third long duration space flight so

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you know a number of days overall

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is extremely high

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it's i mean it's really impressive that

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the human body can

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endure such long periods in space

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especially repeatedly but a lot of the

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experience the experiments we're doing

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up here

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really directly relate to those long

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duration missions that will take us

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beyond low earth orbit because we have

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to make sure that we maintain our bone

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density

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and muscle mass that our eyes are in in

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good shape and those are three areas

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that we're very very proactive in and we

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have to be right because we're up here

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for half a year at a time we just had an

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astronaut and a cosmonaut here for close

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to a year and so those are the kinds of

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experiments that they're really going to

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lend themselves just understanding what

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it takes to to go much farther and so

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it's going to be a step-by-step process

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and you know science is not necessarily

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a linear process where you you learn

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things

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in a very linear fashion it's going to

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be breakthroughs it's going to be a lot

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of

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time spent trying to understand these

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phenomena and eventually we'll get there

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i think we've made so many strides as a

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consequence of the international space

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all right

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um i think we probably have time for one

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more question and you know facebook

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being a technology company what i'm

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really interested in is you know how all

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this works right scientifically and

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technologically so i'm really curious to

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hear what is your your favorite or what

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do you find to be the most interesting

415
00:16:36,710 --> 00:16:34,959
uh piece of technology involved in

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getting to space and operating the space

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station and and all of what you guys do

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um especially something that the

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audience is watching right now might not

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uh wow you know that's an interesting

421
00:16:52,790 --> 00:16:50,160
question because actually some of the

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most exciting uh parts of this mission

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have been the very basic technology for

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example the sawyers rocket which hasn't

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changed much since the 60s but i can

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00:17:03,189 --> 00:17:01,279
tell you that was a fairly exciting way

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to enter earth's orbit

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but of course the space station is

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constantly being updated using

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cutting-edge technology

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and we had the opportunity uh recently

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to actually use virtual reality

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technology around the space station

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00:17:18,230 --> 00:17:16,319
which is quite incredible to put this

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00:17:20,230 --> 00:17:18,240
you know this headset on and to actually

436
00:17:22,390 --> 00:17:20,240
um you see waypoints around the space

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00:17:24,710 --> 00:17:22,400
station that remain where you put uh you

438
00:17:26,710 --> 00:17:24,720
can use view procedures for example i

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00:17:28,549 --> 00:17:26,720
have 3d mapping of the space station

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00:17:30,870 --> 00:17:28,559
have ground mission control being able

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00:17:33,430 --> 00:17:30,880
to point things out to you so that

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00:17:35,270 --> 00:17:33,440
really has got a large potential for

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future operations i think on board and

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00:17:44,789 --> 00:17:42,950
all right well

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00:17:46,710 --> 00:17:44,799
i just want to take a moment to thank

446
00:17:48,870 --> 00:17:46,720
you guys this has been an incredible

447
00:17:50,710 --> 00:17:48,880
experience um it's the first facebook

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00:17:51,990 --> 00:17:50,720
live we've ever done with people from

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00:17:53,270 --> 00:17:52,000
from outer space

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00:17:56,230 --> 00:17:53,280
in outer space

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00:17:58,630 --> 00:17:56,240
um and it's amazing that this worked uh

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00:18:00,549 --> 00:17:58,640
and so it's it's a testament to all of

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00:18:02,390 --> 00:18:00,559
the technology and work that folks at

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00:18:05,110 --> 00:18:02,400
nasa are doing and everything that you

455
00:18:07,190 --> 00:18:05,120
guys are doing um to make it so we can

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00:18:09,669 --> 00:18:07,200
really push the frontiers of

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00:18:13,350 --> 00:18:09,679
what humanity understands and and can

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00:18:15,430 --> 00:18:13,360
explore so um you know from someone here

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00:18:17,430 --> 00:18:15,440
on earth uh thank you for all of the

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00:18:19,669 --> 00:18:17,440
work that you're doing uh it's really

461
00:18:22,710 --> 00:18:19,679
important and i hope the rest of the

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00:18:23,750 --> 00:18:22,720
trip goes well and safely and that you

463
00:18:25,270 --> 00:18:23,760
you

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00:18:26,549 --> 00:18:25,280
learn a lot of good stuff from the

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00:18:29,669 --> 00:18:26,559
experiments that you're doing thank you

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00:18:30,950 --> 00:18:29,679
so much

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00:18:36,470 --> 00:18:30,960
thank you mark it's been a pleasure